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Adaptation for Low Temperature Survival and Taxonomic Diversity of Invertebrates in a Snow Environment.
Babůrek, Jan ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Pavlíková, Anežka (referee)
Title: Adaptation for Low Temperature Survival and Taxonomic Diversity of Invertebrates in a Snow Environment. Abstract: This bachelor thesis represents a review of contemporary knowledge concerning cold hardiness and activity in a snow environment in invertebrates. The first part is focused on the influence of cold on the organisms and strategies of survival in cold environments. The following chapter represents a description of substances (e.g. ice nucleating agents, cryoprotectants, antifreeze proteins or water) participating in a level of cold hardiness. Diapause is mentioned as well, as it can influence cold hardiness. Moreover, adaptations to living in cold environment are discussed from an evolutionary point of view with emphasis on the specificity of survival strategies depending on the climate. The final chapter focuses on animal taxa which remain active in a snow environment. Organisms active in the winter environment of temperate climate as well as nival fauna of regions with permanent snow are included. This chapter also contains a list of invertebrate taxa occurring on snow cover with notes to their ecology and phenology. Key words: cold hardiness, cold adaptations, nival fauna, winter survival, invertebrate animals
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Activity of Invertebrates in Winter and the Verification of the Selected Invertebrates Capturing Methods During the Winter Season
Babůrek, Jan ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on invertebrates' survival and activity during winter; and on methods of their capture. The first part of the theoretical section describes principles of cold hardiness, strategies of winter survival and activity in snow environment. Furthermore, different methods of invertebrates capturing are presented. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the verification of selected invertebrates capturing methods during winter. The results summarize the differences in the diversity and quantity of animals caught; and provide an overview and characteristics of selected captured taxa. Suggestions for a snow fauna excursion and a practical exercise focused on capturing invertebrates during winter are proposed based on the results of the study. KEYWORDS cold hardiness, winter survival, winter activity, snow fauna, invertebrate animals, catching methods, pitfall traps
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Adaptation for Low Temperature Survival and Taxonomic Diversity of Invertebrates in a Snow Environment.
Babůrek, Jan ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Pavlíková, Anežka (referee)
Title: Adaptation for Low Temperature Survival and Taxonomic Diversity of Invertebrates in a Snow Environment. Abstract: This bachelor thesis represents a review of contemporary knowledge concerning cold hardiness and activity in a snow environment in invertebrates. The first part is focused on the influence of cold on the organisms and strategies of survival in cold environments. The following chapter represents a description of substances (e.g. ice nucleating agents, cryoprotectants, antifreeze proteins or water) participating in a level of cold hardiness. Diapause is mentioned as well, as it can influence cold hardiness. Moreover, adaptations to living in cold environment are discussed from an evolutionary point of view with emphasis on the specificity of survival strategies depending on the climate. The final chapter focuses on animal taxa which remain active in a snow environment. Organisms active in the winter environment of temperate climate as well as nival fauna of regions with permanent snow are included. This chapter also contains a list of invertebrate taxa occurring on snow cover with notes to their ecology and phenology. Key words: cold hardiness, cold adaptations, nival fauna, winter survival, invertebrate animals
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Evaluation of a psychical and physical loading of competitors in the winter survival race with a knowhow manual for organisating similar types of competitions.
Migdau, Jan ; Fedák, Josef (advisor) ; Barták, Erik (referee)
Title of thesis: Evaluation of psychologically and physically load in competitors of Winter Survival; including incorporation of knowhow to hold the competition. Aim of thesis: 1. Creation of a manual to order competition of Winter Survival type in civil and army. 2. Valorize and confront physically load in Winter Survival 2007, 2008, 2011. 3. Valorize and confront psychologically load in Winter Survival 2007, 2008, 2011. Methods: 1. For the creation of the manual was used qualitative research with exploitation of interview with abstract questions. 2. To valorizing and fixing of physically load was used quantitative study. 3. To valorizing and fixing of psychologically load was used quantitative study. Results: 1. We created the "manual" to ordering and organising of cometition for trainee officials of competitions like Winter Survival. 2. The results prove, that competitors of WS moved around middle zone of physical load. WS 2008 was, in light of physical load, much easier, than WS 2007 and 2011. Effect of the extension in 2. part of competition is the extension of physical work in middle zone of physical load to the prejudice moderate zone. 3. Mental condition is impressed with physical load in "state" and "activity" parameter, less connections are between physical load and "mood" parameter; the...
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Factors affecting food choices by birds in winter
Korencová, Petra ; Klvaňová, Alena (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
I studied food choices of four small passerine species in winter on an artifical source of food, a bird feeder. I did experiments with two different types of food. I proposed that birds would prefer the type of food with higher contain of fat and calories. Food preferences were shown, but independently on calories contain. Greenfinches always selected sunflower seeds. I conclude, this species is affected by tradition, because it is usually fed by sunflower seeds in all bird feeders in vicinity of experimental location. In the second series of experiments I presumed the birds would prefer the food of bigger size because of easier manipulation on a potentially dangerous spot, which bird feeder represents. Again, the choices of greenfinches and field sparrows were not affected by this factor. Great tits did not prefer any food type. Siskins on the other hand prefered smaller food type, apparently because of its better accessibility using their small beaks. In the third series of experiments I tested the effect of presence of a stuffed predator - a sparrowhawk. I presumed it would lower food selectivity in this dangerous situation. The birds visited the bird feeder significantly less fraquently than in the absence of predator, but the food choices were not affected.
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